在準備托福考試的過程中，整合寫作是一項挑戰，許多考生往往對如何同時結合閱讀與聽力內容感到困惑。其實，托福整合寫作並沒有想像中那麼困難，只要掌握關鍵技巧並有清晰的寫作策略，就能夠輕鬆應對。本文將帶你深入解析托福整合寫作的準備技巧，從模板建構、文章架構到筆記方法，幫助你在短短的 20 分鐘內，高效完成寫作並獲得理想的分數。準備好一起提升你的寫作表現嗎？讓我們開始吧！

2024新制托福寫作形式

1.整合寫作 (Integrated Writing)

• 時間：20分鐘
• 流程：
  • 閱讀：閱讀一篇關於某主題的學術文章（約3分鐘）。文章中包含作者對主題的三個論點。
  • 聽力：聆聽一段教授的音檔（約2分鐘）。教授針對作者的三個論點提供支持、反駁或補充。
  • 寫作：根據閱讀文章和聽力音檔的信息，撰寫一篇150-250字的整合寫作文章。

2.學術討論 (Academic Discussion)

• 時間：10分鐘
• 要求：
  • 寫作內容：不再要求長篇寫作，改為100字的短篇學術討論。
  • 目的：模擬學術寫作情境，要求考生針對給定話題進行簡短的討論。
  • 挑戰：考生需要精確表達觀點，注意用詞準確性和語法正確性，以免缺陷被放大檢視。

托福整合寫作的準備技巧

一、基本概述

• 考試內容：作者提出一個主張（A），並提供三個支持理由；聽力中的教授則會針對這三個理由進行反駁或佐證。
• 技巧核心：理解並記錄文章與聽力的對應論點，特別是教授如何支持或反對作者的觀點。

二、策略與技巧

1. 模板準備：
   • 熟悉自己的寫作模板，有效利用時間。
   • 模板不必完美，只需覆蓋重點且順手即可。
2. 文章架構：
   • 第一段：介紹主題（A論點），簡述作者支持或反對的立場。
   • 第二至第四段：逐段比較作者與教授的觀點差異，指出教授如何反駁或支持作者的三個證據。
3. 重點放在聽力：
   • 閱讀材料會保持可見，因此應把精力集中在教授的論點，簡述文章作者的觀點即可。
   • 學會快速有效的筆記技巧，抓住教授的主要論點。
4. 避免忽略大重點：
   • 儘量記下細節如數字和專有名詞，但不要因此錯過教授的主要論點。
   • 練習時訓練自己優先掌握教授的關鍵論據。
5. 豐富詞彙：
   • 避免過度重複簡單動詞，多使用變化動詞如 “argue,” “refute,” “assert” 等。
   • 適當使用連接詞使文章更流暢，但不要強行加入過於艱澀的詞彙。

The Article 

請閱讀文章，開頭包含介紹，提到主題和作者的主要觀點。接下來是三個正文段落。每個正文段落包含一個支持論點（反對風格）、一個問題（問題與解決方案風格），或一個解決方案（解決方案與問題風格）

Here’s an example:

The idea of colonizing asteroids has long been a topic of fascination and speculation in science fiction and popular culture. In recent years, however, the idea of asteroid colonization has become more realistic and feasible, thanks to advances in technology and space exploration. There are many potential benefits to colonizing asteroids, and these benefits make the pursuit of asteroid colonization a worthwhile endeavor.

One of the most obvious benefits of asteroid colonization is the scientific potential. Asteroids provide a unique environment for scientific research due to their small size, low gravity, and lack of atmosphere. Research conducted in these environments could provide valuable insights related to many different academic fields. Not only that, but asteroids could also serve as stepping stones for future missions to other destinations in the solar system, such as Mars or the moons of Jupiter and Saturn.

Another benefit of asteroid colonization is the potential for economic growth and development. Natural resources mined on asteroids could create new industries and job opportunities, which would generate significant revenue for both governments and private companies. Asteroid mining could also reduce the need for resource extraction on Earth, which could help to preserve our planet’s natural environment.

In addition to economic benefits, asteroid colonization could also have important implications for the long-term survival of humanity. Asteroids could serve as potential refuge for humans in the event of a large-scale disaster on Earth, such as an asteroid impact or a nuclear war. Even if such a disaster doesn’t occur, asteroids could provide valuable information regarding the origins and evolution of the solar system, and how life emerged here in the first place.

You have three minutes to read it and take notes.  Then you hear the lecture. You will be able to see the article again when the lecture is finished.

 

The Lecture

請聆聽講座主題大約長兩分鐘。你只能聽一次，所以要記筆記。

在講座聽力開始時，你會聽到講師的主要觀點。講座的其餘部分包含三個反對論點、三個解決方案，或三個問題。這些內容直接回應了閱讀文章中提到的三個論點/問題/解決方案。此外，這些內容的順序與閱讀文章中的順序相同。

Here’s an example:

Sample Essay:

(約330 words)

The reading passage and the lecture discuss the feasibility of establishing colonies on asteroids. The author supports the idea, highlighting its scientific, economic, and survival benefits, while the lecturer disputes these claims, arguing that colonizing asteroids may not be advantageous.

First, the author argues that asteroids offer an excellent environment for scientific research due to their small size, low gravity, and lack of atmosphere. Additionally, the article suggests that asteroids could serve as a starting point for missions to more distant areas of the solar system. The lecturer challenges this by pointing out that our knowledge of asteroids is still insufficient. We lack detailed information about the number of asteroids, their surface conditions, and the resources they contain. Without this crucial data, it is difficult to accurately predict the scientific benefits of colonizing them.

Second, the reading mentions that asteroid colonization could yield significant economic benefits, as asteroids are believed to contain valuable resources. Mining these resources could be highly profitable and reduce the need for resource extraction on Earth. In contrast, the lecturer notes that we do not have precise information about the quantity or value of these resources. This uncertainty raises doubts about whether mining in space would be more cost-effective than traditional mining methods on Earth.

Finally, the author claims that colonizing asteroids could ensure the long-term survival of humanity by providing a refuge in case of global disasters. However, the lecturer argues that living on asteroids would present significant challenges due to their low gravity, which could make life uncomfortable and hazardous over time.

In summary, The author suggests that establishing colonies on asteroids could safeguard humanity’s long-term survival. Specifically, these colonies could serve as refuges in the event of catastrophic events on Earth, such as wars or natural disasters. However, the lecturer counters this by arguing that any human settlements on asteroids would face significant challenges due to their low gravity. These gravitational conditions could lead to numerous difficulties, making life on asteroids not only uncomfortable but potentially perilous over extended periods.