五分鐘學英文-流感季來襲!旅行時生病怎麼辦?

領取字稿學習單

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一、旅行生病的常見情況Common Health Issues While Traveling

旅行中,環境變化、時差、飲食習慣的不同可能導致免疫力下降,增加生病的風險。特別是在流感季節或疫情期間,以下是常見的健康問題:
Changes in environment, time zone differences, and diet may weaken immunity, increasing the risk of illness while traveling. Below are common health issues, especially during flu season or a pandemic:

1. 流感(Influenza) / Flu

流感病毒傳播迅速,特別是在冬季和春季旅遊時,感染風險較高。
Flu spreads rapidly, especially during winter and spring travel.

  • 症狀 Symptoms: 高燒、肌肉痠痛、疲倦、咳嗽、喉嚨痛
    (High fever, muscle aches, fatigue, cough, sore throat)
  • 預防方法 Prevention: 接種疫苗、佩戴口罩、避免接觸病患
    (Get vaccinated, wear a mask, avoid sick individuals)

2. 水土不服(Traveler’s Diarrhea)

飲食和水質的改變可能導致腸胃不適。
Changes in diet and water quality can cause digestive issues.

  • 症狀 Symptoms: 腹瀉、腸胃痙攣、脹氣、食慾不振
    (Diarrhea, stomach cramps, bloating, loss of appetite)
  • 預防方法 Prevention: 喝瓶裝水、避免生冷食物、攜帶腸胃藥
    (Drink bottled water, avoid raw/cold foods, carry digestive medicine)

3. 食物中毒(Food Poisoning)

嘗試當地美食時,可能因食品中含有細菌或病毒而導致食物中毒。
Eating contaminated food may cause food poisoning.

  • 症狀 Symptoms: 噁心、嘔吐、腹痛、發燒、腹瀉
    (Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, fever, diarrhea)
  • 預防方法 Prevention: 選擇信譽良好的餐廳,確保食物煮熟後再食用
    (Choose reputable restaurants, ensure food is fully cooked)

4. 過敏反應(Allergic Reactions)

接觸新的環境或食物可能引發過敏。
New environments or unfamiliar foods may trigger allergies.

  • 症狀 Symptoms: 皮膚紅腫、癢、打噴嚏、流鼻水,嚴重時可能休克
    (Skin rash, itching, sneezing, runny nose; in severe cases, anaphylaxis)
  • 預防方法 Prevention: 攜帶抗過敏藥,避免接觸過敏源
    (Carry antihistamines, avoid allergens)

5. 呼吸道感染與 COVID-19(Respiratory Infections & COVID-19)

長時間待在人多的密閉空間,可能引發感冒或更嚴重的病毒感染。
Spending long hours in crowded, enclosed spaces can increase the risk of infections.

  • 症狀 Symptoms: 喉嚨痛、咳嗽、鼻塞、發燒、呼吸困難
    (Sore throat, cough, nasal congestion, fever, difficulty breathing)
  • 預防方法 Prevention: 佩戴口罩、保持社交距離、勤洗手
    (Wear a mask, maintain social distance, wash hands frequently)

二、流感併發症的風險與防治Flu Complications & Prevention

流感可能導致嚴重的併發症,特別是對於兒童、老年人或免疫力較弱的人群。
Flu may lead to severe complications, especially for children, the elderly, or those with weak immunity.

  • 肺炎(Pneumonia: 咳嗽加重、呼吸困難、胸痛
    (Severe cough, difficulty breathing, chest pain)
  • 支氣管炎(Bronchitis: 長時間咳嗽、痰多、氣喘
    (Persistent cough, excessive mucus, wheezing)
  • 耳部感染(Ear Infection: 耳痛、耳鳴、聽力減退
    (Ear pain, ringing in ears, hearing loss)
  • 心臟併發症(Cardiac Complications: 罕見但可能導致心肌炎
    (Rare, but may lead to myocarditis)

預防與應對方法 Prevention & Treatment

  • 接種流感疫苗 Get vaccinated
  • 服用抗病毒藥物 Take antiviral medication (Tamiflu)
  • 保持充足休息和水分補充 Rest & stay hydrated
  • 及時就醫 Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen

三、如何用英語描述症狀?How to Describe Symptoms in English

  • I have a fever.(我發燒。)
  • I have a headache.(我頭痛。)
  • I feel nauseous.(我感到噁心。)
  • I have diarrhea.(我拉肚子。)
  • I have a sore throat.(我喉嚨痛。)

四、各國醫療系統簡易比較(美國、歐洲、亞洲)Healthcare System Comparison (USA, Europe, Asia)

美國 USA

  • 醫療費昂貴 Healthcare is expensive
  • 需預約醫生 Appointment-based system
  • 大多數藥品需處方 Most medications require a prescription

歐洲 Europe

  • 部分國家提供免費或低價醫療 Some countries offer free or low-cost healthcare
  • 可直接購買部分藥品 Some medications available without prescription
  • 急診可撥打 112 Emergency number: 112

亞洲 Asia

  • 日本有國際診所 Japan has international clinics
  • 台灣、韓國醫療發達 Taiwan and South Korea have advanced healthcare systems
  • 中國、泰國等建議選擇國際醫院 In China and Thailand, private international hospitals are recommended

五、旅行必備醫療用品 & 緊急聯絡資訊

5. Essential Medical Supplies & Emergency Contacts

必備醫療用品 Essential Medical Supplies
退燒藥 Fever reducers (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen)
止痛藥 Pain relievers (Aspirin)
感冒藥 Cold medicine
止瀉藥 Anti-diarrheal medication
過敏藥 Antihistamines
口罩 Masks

緊急電話 Emergency Numbers
美國 USA: 911
歐洲 Europe: 112
日本 Japan: 119(急救 Emergency)、110(警察 Police)
台灣 Taiwan: 119
韓國 South Korea: 1339(醫療諮詢 Medical Advice)、119(急救 Emergency)
中國 China: 120(急救 Emergency)、110(警察 Police)


準備充分,即使生病也能安心旅行! Stay prepared and travel safely!

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